李红英，张跃，汤健，赵晓科，杜森杰.儿童医院医务人员的焦虑和抑郁状况及其影响因素[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2015,37(11):861-866
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| 儿童医院医务人员的焦虑和抑郁状况及其影响因素 |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 焦虑 抑郁 儿童医院 医务人员 |
| 英文关键词: Anxiety Depression Children′s hospitals Hospital staff |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的探讨儿童医院医务人员心理焦虑和抑郁现状及年龄、性别、学历、职称、职务、工作年限、每周工作时间、工作压力、家庭收入、婚姻、家庭和睦情况、有无慢性病、有无应激事件等因素对其的影响。 方法利用焦虑自评量表（SAS）和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对儿童医院医务人员进行调查测评。对回收的有效问卷进行标准分的计算，应用SPSS 19.0版统计软件包对标准分进行统计处理，分析年龄、性别、学历、职称、职务、工作年限、每周工作时间、工作压力、家庭收入、婚姻、家庭和睦情况、有无慢性病、有无应激事件等因素对焦虑和抑郁的影响。 结果男性医务人员的SAS总评分［（49.83±12.49）分］和SDS总评分［（54.39±12.14）］均高于女性医务人员［（47.554±12.82）分和（51.92±12.88）分］，男女焦虑及抑郁分值比较，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)；677例医务人员中320例存在焦虑障碍，392例存在抑郁障碍，焦虑伴抑郁障碍的人数为288例。婚姻、家庭和睦情况、有无慢性病及有无应激事件等对焦虑和抑郁分值的影响差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05)。单因素分析显示，学历及家庭收入对焦虑和抑郁分值的影响差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)；年龄、职称、工作年限、工作压力及不同科室工作对焦虑和抑郁分值的影响差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)；职务对焦虑分值的影响差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)，职务对抑郁分值的影响差异有统计学意义（P<0.05)；每周工作时间对焦虑分值的影响差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，每周工作时间对抑郁分值的影响差异无统计学意义（P>0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示，学历、工作压力、家庭和睦情况、有无慢性病及有无应激事件与焦虑障碍的发生具有相关性(P<0.05)；工作压力、家庭和睦情况及有无慢性病与抑郁障碍的发生呈正相关(P<0.05)。 结论儿童医院医务人员焦虑及抑郁情绪明显；工作压力、家庭和睦情况以及有无慢性病对焦虑和抑郁水平的影响作用突出。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the prevalence of anxiety and depression among the medical staff of a children′s hospital, and to understand their relationship with age, gender, educational background, family income, family harmony, position, marital status, experience, title, work pressure, weekly working hours, chronic diseases and stressful events. MethodsThe medical staff of a children′s hospital were evaluated using Zung′s self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). The scores were correlated with age, gender, educational background, family income, family harmony, position, marriage, working years, title, work pressure, weekly working hours, chronic diseases, and stressful events data collected about the same respondents. ResultsThere were 320 respondents suffering from anxiety disorders and 392 experiencing depression among the 677 medical staff surveyed. There were 288 who suffered from anxiety associated with depression. There was a significant difference between the males and the females. Marital status, family harmony, chronic disease and stress events were all significant predictors of anxiety or depression. A univariate analysis showed that neither education nor family income had significant predictive power, but age, professional title, working years, working pressure and working in different departments were all significant predictors. Medical staff with different weekly working hours showed significantly different average levels of anxiety, but position had no such effect. Position was, though, significantly correlated with depression score, while weekly working hours were not. Multivariable logistic regression models showed that educational background, working pressure, family harmony, chronic disease and stressful events were all significant predictors of anxiety. Working pressure, family harmony and chronic disease were related to depression. ConclusionSignificant anxiety and depression were observed among the medical staff of this children′s hospital. Working pressure, family harmony and chronic disease are strong predictors of anxiety and depression. |
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