王连,卫小梅,乔佳,等.健康成人吞咽呼吸暂停时长的影响因素分析[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2025,47(12):1075-1080
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| 健康成人吞咽呼吸暂停时长的影响因素分析 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn421666-20251016-00922 |
| 中文关键词: 吞咽障碍 吞咽呼吸暂停 吞咽-呼吸协调性 影响因素 |
| 英文关键词: Swallowing Dysphagia Apnea Respiration |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（82272617）；广州市科技计划项目重点研发计划（2023B03J1234） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨年龄、性别、食团特性对健康成人吞咽呼吸暂停时长（SAD）的影响。 方法 共募集20～76岁的健康成年人受试者108例。同步采集每例受试者吞咽过程中的动态影像、呼吸信号、吞咽声音信号和喉部运动信号。采用线性混合模型分析SAD与年龄、性别、食团容积和黏度的关系，并对有统计学意义的结果进行事后检验。 结果 经线性混合模型分析，年龄（P=0.018）、性别（P=0.048）、食团黏度（P<0.001）和食团容积（P<0.001）对SAD均存在显著主效应。青年受试者的SAD显著短于老年受试者（P=0.005），3 mL食团的SAD显著短于5 mL（P=0.010）和10 mL（P<0.001），且5 mL食团亦显著短于10 mL（P=0.010）。事后检验表明，水、低稠和高稠食团（P=0.001）的SAD均显著短于中稠食团（P<0.008），且食团的黏度与其体积存在显著交互作用（P=0.001）。 结论 健康成人的SAD受年龄、性别、食团容积和黏度的影响，老年人和女性的SAD更长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the effect of age, gender and bolus characteristics on the duration of swallowing apnea (SAD) in healthy adults. Methods A total of 108 healthy adults aged 20 to 76 years were subjected to dynamic imaging to identify respiratory signals, swallowing acoustic signals and larynx movement signals during their swallowing. A linear mixed model was then evaluated and used to analyze the relationships of SAD with age, gender, bolus volume and bolus consistency. Results The linear mixed model revealed age, gender, bolus consistency and bolus volume as significant predictors. The SAD of young subjects was significantly shorter. The SAD with a 3mL bolus was significantly shorter than for 5mL and 10mL, and that for the 5mL bolus was significantly shorter than for the 10mL bolus. Post-hoc tests indicated that the SAD for water, low-consistency and high-consistency liquids were all significantly shorter than for a medium-consistency liquid, with a significant interaction effect between bolus consistency and volume. Conclusions The SAD in healthy adults is significantly related to age, gender, bolus volume, and bolus consistency, with longer SAD observed in older individuals and females. |
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