肖梦晶,许丽,吴存书,等.基于体卫融合模式的运动干预对社区2型糖尿病患者的影响[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2025,47(4):343-348
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| 基于体卫融合模式的运动干预对社区2型糖尿病患者的影响 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn421666-20240820-00675 |
| 中文关键词: 体卫融合 社区 2型糖尿病 运动 |
| 英文关键词: Sports and medicine Type 2 diabetes mellitus Exercise |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨基于体卫融合模式的运动干预对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖管理及体质指标的影响。 方法 选取在社区卫生服务中心参与定期随访的2型糖尿病患者109例，以是否参与体卫融合模式下的运动干预为标准，将患者分为对照组（78例）和运动组（31例）。采用1∶1倾向性评分匹配法使组间混杂因素达到平衡，最终对照组和运动组分别纳入21例。2组患者均接受糖尿病规范化管理（药物治疗、饮食指导及糖尿病健康教育），运动组在此基础上增加体卫融合模式下的运动干预。干预前及干预8周后（干预后），对2组患者的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平、体重、体重指数（BMI）、体脂肪量（FM）、内脏脂肪面积（VFA）、体脂质量指数（FMI）、四肢骨骼肌质量指数（ASMI）进行比较。记录运动组干预8周内的实际运动情况，以及低血糖、运动损伤等不良事件和降糖药物剂量的变化。 结果 干预后，运动组的HbA1c水平［(6.89±0.42)%］、BMI［(24.05±3.43)kg/m2］、FM［(19.01±6.11)kg］、VFA［(125.79±20.30)cm2］、FMI［(6.95±2.38)kg/m2］均较组内干预前有所改善（P＜0.05）。组间比较发现，运动组干预前后的HbA1c水平、体重、BMI、FM、VFA和FMI的改善幅度均优于对照组（P＜0.05）。运动组有效参与运动干预的人数为8人，运动依从率为（60.14±21.32）％。干预期间，患者无低血糖及运动损伤事件发生，降糖药物的使用情况未发生变化。 结论 基于体卫融合模式的运动干预能较好地改善社区2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制效果及体质指标，但患者依从性欠佳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the effect of exercise on glycemic control and physical indicators among community-dwelling persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 42 T2DM patients undergoing regular follow-up at a community health center were divided into a control group and an exercise group. To minimize confounding factors, 1∶1 propensity score matching was performed, resulting in 21 patients in each group. Both groups received standardized diabetes management, including medication, dietary guidance and diabetes health education. The exercise group additionally performed exercises which integrated sports and medical care models. The experiment lasted 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, visceral fat area (VFA), fat mass index (FMI) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) were recorded and compared between the two groups. Moreover, the actual exercise compliance of the exercise group was observed, along with any adverse events such as hypoglycemia or exercise-related injuries, as well as changes in antidiabetic medication dosage. Results After the intervention, significant improvement was observed in both groups in all of the measurements, but with the average HbA1c, BMI, fat mass, VFA and FMI values of the exercise group then significantly better than the control group′s averages. The average compliance rate in the exercise group was 60%. No cases of hypoglycemia or exercise-related injuries were reported during the intervention, and there were no changes in the use of anti-diabetes medications. Conclusions Exercise effectively improves glycemic control and physical indicators among community-dwelling T2DM patients. However, exercise compliance needs improving. |
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