刘如垚,李一,李和平,等.基于功能性近红外光谱成像技术观察不同年龄人群在吞咽时其脑功能响应特征及差异[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2025,47(2):97-102
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| 基于功能性近红外光谱成像技术观察不同年龄人群在吞咽时其脑功能响应特征及差异 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.cn421666-20240704-00551 |
| 中文关键词: 功能性近红外光谱成像技术 吞咽 脑区激活 年龄 |
| 英文关键词: Functional near-infrared spectroscopy Swallowing Brain activation Age |
| 基金项目:河南省科技厅重点研发专项（241111310600）；中国康复医学会科技发展项目（KFKT-2023-030） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 采用功能性近红外光谱成像技术（fNIRS）观察健康中老年人及年轻人在吞咽时其脑功能响应特征及差异。 方法 招募符合条件的15例年轻健康受试者纳入年轻组，同时招募15例中老年健康受试者纳入中老年组。2组受试者在fNIRS采集过程中均执行吞咽测试任务，采用NirSpark工具包软件对fNIRS任务态数据进行处理，分析对比2组受试者在执行吞咽任务时的脑区激活情况。 结果 在执行吞咽任务过程中，年轻组受试者各吞咽相关脑区激活程度均显著增强（P<0.05），中老年组受试者仅有左侧初级运动皮质（M1）、左侧初级躯体感觉皮质（PSC）、左侧运动前区及辅助运动皮质（pSMC）和左侧中央下区激活程度明显增强（P<0.05）。与年轻组比较，中老年组在执行吞咽任务时有7个通道激活程度明显减弱(P<0.05），其中包括右侧M1和pSMC区、左侧M1、pSMC、PSC、背外侧前额叶皮质（DLPFC）及额极区(FPA)。 结论 与年轻群体比较，中老年群体在吞咽时其部分脑区激活程度明显减弱，可能与衰老及其引发的认知功能减退、吞咽相关运动和感觉能力下降有关。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To observe any differences in the brain′s functional responses during swallowing with healthy young, middle-aged and elderly individuals. Methods Fifteen healthy young people formed the youth group, while 15 healthy middle-aged or elderly subjects were the middle-aged and elderly group. Both groups performed repeated swallowing tasks while being observed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. The data were processed using NirSpark software, and brain activation was compared between the two groups. Results Swallowing-related brain regions were all significantly activated in the youth group, while in the middle-aged and elderly group only the primary motor cortex (M1), primary somatosensory cortex (PSC), premotor and supplementary motor cortex (pSMC), and inferior central region on the left side showed significantly increased activation. Compared to the youth group, the middle-aged and elderly group exhibited significantly reduced activation in seven channels, including the right M1 and pSMC, the left M1, the pSMC, the PSC, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and frontal pole area. Conclusions The middle-aged and elderly show significantly less activation in certain brain regions during swallowing compared with younger persons. That may be related to aging and its associated cognitive decline, as well as reduced motor and sensory abilities related to swallowing. |
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