郅季炘,高永成,马刚.改良高强度间歇运动在冠状动脉疾病患者心脏康复中的应用研究[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2023,45(1):42-47
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| 改良高强度间歇运动在冠状动脉疾病患者心脏康复中的应用研究 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2023.01.008 |
| 中文关键词: 高强度间歇运动 冠状动脉疾病 心脏康复 血压 身体成分 安全性 |
| 英文关键词: High-intensity training Interval training Coronary artery disease Cardiac rehabilitation Blood pressure Body composition Safety |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 观察改良高强度间歇运动（HIIT）对冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者心脏康复的影响并评估其安全性及依从性，为优化CAD患者心脏康复方案提供参考资料。 方法 采用随机数字表法将60例CAD患者分为运动组及对照组，每组30例。2组患者均给予常规心脏康复治疗（包括营养调整、心理疏导及低强度有氧运动等），运动组患者在此基础上辅以每周2次、共6周改良HIIT干预（以85%~90%最大心率强度持续蹬车30 s后间歇30 s为1个循环，每次重复训练15个循环）。于干预前、干预6周后检测2组患者心肺适能、血压水平、血管功能及身体成分等变化情况，同时评估该改良HIIT方案的安全性及患者依从性。 结果 与干预前比较，干预后运动组患者在递增负荷运动试验中的最大摄氧量及最大功率均明显增加（P<0.05），血压水平及身体成分指标均明显改善（P<0.05），积极情绪评分明显升高（P<0.05），消极情绪及焦虑评分明显下降（P<0.05），患者对训练的愉悦感较显著。对照组经干预后上述各项指标均无显著变化（P>0.05）。干预期间运动组训练计划完成率（97.4%）较对照组（88.7%）明显升高（P<0.05），且2组患者均无严重不良反应或心血管相关事件发生。 结论 改良HIIT是CAD患者心脏康复的有效手段，能显著降低心血管疾病风险，同时还具有较高的安全性及患者依从性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To observe the effect of a modified version of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the rehabilitation of persons with coronary artery disease (CAD),and to evaluate its safety and patient compliance. Methods Sixty CAD patients were randomly divided into an exercise group and a control group, each of 30. Both groups were given conventional cardiac rehabilitation (including controlled nutrition, psychological counseling and low-intensity aerobic exercise). The exercise group additionally completed a session of HIIT twice a week for 6 weeks. Each session involved 30s of cycling at 85-90% of the patient′s maximum heart rate followed by 30s rest, repeated 15 times. The cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, vascular function and body composition of both groups were documented before and after the 6 weeks. Compliance was recorded and the safety of the modified HIIT program was evaluated. Results A significant improvement was observed in the maximum oxygen uptake and workload in a graded exercise test among the exercise group. The average blood pressure and body composition improved significantly, as did the average positive mood score and enjoyment of training. There was a significant decrease in negative mood and anxiety scores among the exercise group. No significant differences were observed in the control group. Compliance with the HIIT training program of the exercise group (97.4%) was significantly better than the control group′s compliance (88.7%) with its less strenuous regimen. There were no serious adverse reactions or cardiovascular events during the experiment. Conclusion Modified HIIT is an effective form of cardiac rehabilitation training for CAD. It is safe, and compliance is good. |
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