盛义岭,王晨宇,彭朋.吸气肌训练对老年女性心脏自主神经功能及生活质量的影响[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2021,43(10):910-914
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| 吸气肌训练对老年女性心脏自主神经功能及生活质量的影响 |
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| DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2021.10.010 |
| 中文关键词: 吸气肌训练 衰老 自主神经功能 心率变异性 生活质量 |
| 英文关键词: Inspiratory muscle training Aging Autonomic nervous function Heart rate variability Life quality |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 观察吸气肌训练（IMT）对老年女性心脏自主神经功能及生活质量的影响。 方法 采用随机数字表法将56例老年（60~70岁）健康女性分为IMT组及对照组，每组28例。IMT组给予IMT训练，训练时吸气阻力值设定为50%最大吸气压（MIP）水平，每周训练5次，持续训练5周；对照组训练方法及干预时间同IMT组，但训练时吸气阻力值设定为5% MIP水平。于干预前、干预5周后测定2组老年对象安静时心率变异性（HRV），采用深呼吸试验记录吸气相心率（HR-in）和呼气相心率（HR-ex），采用世界卫生组织生存质量量表（WHOQOL）评估2组老年对象生活质量情况。 结果 干预后IMT组MIP明显升高（P<0.05），HRV频谱中高频功率（HF）升高、低频功率（LF）与HF比值（LF/HF）降低（P<0.05），在深呼吸试验时HR-in［（74±9）bpm］及HR-ex［（65±5）bpm］均明显下降（P<0.05），WHOQOL量表各项指标（生理领域、心理领域、环境领域、社会领域）评分［分别为(75.6±5.0)分、 （68.7±7.2）分、（66.2±6.8）分和（51.0±6.2）分］均明显升高（P<0.05），与干预前及同期对照组间差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；对照组上述各项指标数据干预前、后均无显著变化（P>0.05）。 结论 为期5周的IMT训练能显著改善老年女性心脏自主神经功能及生活质量，为制订抗衰老运动康复处方提供了参考资料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To explore the effect of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on cardiac autonomic nerve function and the life quality of elderly women. Methods Fifty-six healthy women aged 60 to 70 were randomly divided into an IMT group and a placebo control group (PLA), each of 28. The IMT group was given IMT training 5 times a week for 5 weeks with the inspiratory resistance set at 50% of their maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP). The PLA group was treated similarly, but the inspiratory resistance was set at the 5% of the MIP. Before and after the intervention, both groups were evaluated in terms of heart rate variability (HRV) at rest, and heart rate during the inspiratory phase (HR-in) and expiratory phase (HR-ex) of deep breathing. Their quality of like was quantified using the World Health Organization′s quality of life scale (WHOQOL-100). Results After the intervention, the average MIP and high frequency power in the HRV spectrum had increased significantly, but the ratio of low frequency to high frequency power had decreased significantly in the IMT group. In deep breathing the average HR-in and HR-ex both had decreased significantly. The average scores on all dimensions of the WHOQOL-100 were significantly higher than before the intervention and higher than those of the control group. Indeed, there were no significant differences in the PLA group′s results before and after the intervention. Conclusions Five weeks of IMT training can significantly improve the cardiac autonomic nerve function and life quality of elderly women. This provides a reference for prescribing rehabilitation exercise for such women. |
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