吴亚岑，林枫，江钟立.青年人和老年人的自发吞咽音特征对比分析[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2017,39(12):912-914
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| 青年人和老年人的自发吞咽音特征对比分析 |
| Comparative analysis of acoustic features of spontaneous swallowing sounds between the young and the elderly |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 吞咽 声学分析 自发吞咽频率 老龄化吞咽 |
| 英文关键词: Swallowing Aging Acoustic analysis Spontaneous swallowing frequency Presbyphagia |
| 基金项目:江苏省高校哲学社会科学优秀创新团队建设项目资助（2017STD006） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 对比分析青年人和老年人的自发吞咽音特征。 方法 健康受试者100例，分为青年组（19～30岁）和老年组（60～85岁），每组50例（男女各25例）。2组研究对象均测量颈围（绕甲状软骨水平的颈部周径）和体重指数（BMI）。在甲状软骨以下气管左侧检测自发吞咽音20min，采用RavenPro1.5.0进行吞咽音切分、标注和吞咽声学指标测算，包括每分钟自发吞咽频率(SPM）、吞咽音长、能耗、半耗能时长及半耗能时长占比，使用R3.4.0进行统计分析。 结果 青年组的平均颈围（34.31±3.45）cm，与老年组［（33.95±3.00）cm］比较，差异无统计学意义（P=0.5789）；青年组的BMI为（21.97±2.65）kg/m2，低于老年组［（23.43±2.89）kg/m2］，组间差异有统计学意义（P=0.0219）。老年组的SPM为（0.39±0.34）次/min，显著少于青年组［（0.91±0.51）次/min］，且组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；老年组的吞咽音长为（0.92±0.29）s，显著长于青年组［（0.84±0.26）s］，且组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；老年组单次吞咽消耗的能量为（76.88±9.82）dB，显著高于青年组［（75.43±8.93）dB］，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；老年组单次吞咽消耗一半能量所需时间为（0.43±0.24）s，显著长于青年组［（0.38±0.19）s］，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01），但该时间占吞咽音长的比例在青年组［（48.30±28.20）%］和老年组［（49.00±29.90）%］之间差异无统计学意义（P=0.6859）。 结论 与青年人相比，老年人的自发吞咽频率明显减少，吞咽音明显延长。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To observe the features of spontaneous swallowing sounds of both the young and the elderly. Methods One hundred healthy individuals were randomly divided into an elderly group (60-85 years old) and a youth group (19-30 years old), each of 50 (25 male and female individuals). Both groups were measured with regard to their neck circumference (neck circumference around the thyroid cartilage level) and body mass index (BMI). Spontaneous swallowing sounds were detected for 20 minutes on the thyroid cartilage below the left side of trachea. By using RavenPro1.5.0, the swallowing sounds were segmented, tagged and calculated in terms of the spontaneous swallowing frequency per minute (SPM), swallowing duration, energy consumption, duration of half energy consumption and proportion of half energy consumption duration. All data were finally analyzed using R3.4.0. Results There was no significant difference in the average neck circumference between the youth group and the elderly group ［(34.31±3.45) cm versus (33.95±3.00)cm］ (P=0.5789). The BMI of the youth group was significantly lower than that of the elderly group ［(21.97±2.65)kg/m2 vs (23.43±2.89)kg/m2］. The SPM of the elderly group was significantly lower than that of the youth group ［(0.39±0.34) /min vs (0.91±0.51)/min, P<0.0001］. The length of swallowing, the energy consumption per swallowing and the duration of half energy consumption of the elderly group (0.92±0.29 seconds, 76.88±9.82 dB and 0.43±0.24 seconds) were significantly higher than those of the youth group (0.84±0.26 seconds, 75.43±8.93 dB and 0.38±0.19 seconds). However, no significant differences were found in the proportion of half energy consumption duration in the whole swallowing sound duration (P=0.6859). Conclusions Compared with the young, the frequency of spontaneous swallowing decreased and the swallowing duration prolonged significantly in the elderly. |
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